Recovery of springs: Formation of environmental multipliers in degraded area of Rural Settlement, Eldorados dos Carajás, Pará

Abstract

In Southeast Pará, the agricultural and mining fronts, when inserted in the productive base of the state, increased the exploitation of natural resources available in the region, which raised the levels of environmental degradation. In this way, the objective of this work is to recover degraded springs and to identify changes in the environmental perception of the rural producers of the Settlement Project April 17, Eldorado dos Carajás - Pará. The work was developed in five properties, whose sources were selected from explanations and debates related to the environmental recovery process. The area around each spring was characterized by the following parameters: predominance of vegetation cover; occurrence of erosive processes in the soil; use of agrochemicals; presence of farm animals; evidence of burning or vegetation cutting; and occurrence of domestic and / or rural buildings. The technique of recovery and preservation of the springs used was the soil-raising. A questionnaire was applied to the lot owners in order to understand the local dynamics and culture and how the spring recovery modified or could modify them. The results indicate the involvement of farmers and their families with the work performed. The technique of recovery and conservation of the springs was conceivable, since, together with the insulation, it presents efficiency in the seal, which avoids the contamination of the water. It was verified that there were changes in farmers' environmental perception, as well as socioenvironmental improvements.