Diversity of natural enemies in cotton cultivated in different spaces
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18378/rvads.v16i4.8563Keywords:
Natural enemies, Narrow, Biological control, Fauna analysisAbstract
Accurate estimates of the abundance and diversity of natural enemies are of important for the development of pest management techniques. With this knowledge, it is possible to optimize control practices when populations reaches the economic threshold level, with focus upon the adoption of more sustainable practices, such as those that advocate conservative biological control. In view of this, the present research sought to characterize the fauna diversity of natural enemies of the cotton aphid grown in different spacing. The research was conducted in an experimental field at Embrapa Cotton. The following spacings were adopted: 0.40 m x 0.20 m (E1), 0.80 m x 0.20 m (E2) and 1.60 m x 0.20 m (E3). Fauna analysis revealed that there is a difference in the pattern of occurrence of natural enemies Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) (Neuroptera, Chrysopidae), Cycloneda sanguinea (Linnnaeus, 1763) (Coleoptera: Coccinelidae), Scymnus sp. (Coleoptera, Coccinelidae), Toxomerus sp. (Diptera: Syrphidae) and Orius insidiosus (Say) (Heteroptera, Anthocoridae) as a function of the spacing (between lines) adopted. In general, the most abundant species was Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). On the other hand, there is no evidence of difference between the spacing for Shannon's diversity indexes, the Pielou Equability index and the Simpson index. Therefore, the results of the present study reinforce the hypothesis that the individual frequency of the species of natural enemies raised varies according to the cotton planting configuration, an exception is given to parasitoid L. testaceips. On the other hand, there are no differences between the spacing adopted in relation to the diversity of natural enemies.
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