Efecto letal de extractos de Piperaceae sobre el ácaro rojo de la palma, Raoiella indica (Acari: Tenuipalpidae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18378/rvads.v15i3.7632Palabras clave:
Control alternativo, Acaricidas botánicos, Metabolitos secundarios, Agricultura orgânicaResumen
Desde la introducción del ácaro rojo de las palmas (Raoiella indica) en Brasil, se han estudiado varios métodos de control para esta plaga en el país, como los métodos de control de cuarentena, químicos, biológicos y extractos de plantas. El objetivo de este trabajo es evaluar el potencial letal de los extractos acuosos de hojas de Piper aduncum, P. callosum, P. hostmannianum, P. marginatum y P. peltatum en R. indica. Se evaluó la acción residual por contacto de los extractos, aplicada por inmersión, en concentraciones de 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 y 30%. La acción se evaluó en tres períodos de exposición, 24, 48 y 72 h. A partir de los datos de mortalidad en las diferentes concentraciones y en cada período de exposición, se determinaron las mortalidades corregidas y las concentraciones letales (CL25% y CL50%) de los extractos de piperaceae para la población de R. indica. Solo los extractos de P. aduncum, al 5% después de 24 h de exposición, y P. callosum, en esta misma concentración en todo momento de exposición, no presentaron una mortalidad corregida diferente del control. El CL25% varió de 0,99 a 13,02%, 1,29 a 7,89% y 1,82 a 7,69%, respectivamente, para los períodos de exposición de 24, 48 y 72 h. El CL50%, para los mismos períodos, respectivamente, osciló entre 2,27 a 21,29%, 2,33 a 13,26% y 2,84 a 10,94%. Los extractos acuosos de las hojas de las cinco especies de Piperaceae presentaron efecto toxicológico sen la población de R. indica.
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