PROPOSTA DE UM SISTEMA DE TRATAMENTO DE EFLUENTES GERADOS EM UMA INDÚSTRIA DE LATICÍNIOS

Abstract

The milk industry is one of the most polluting industries in the food sector, in terms of water consumption and effluent generation, causing water pollution. Residual water from the dairy industry without proper treatment has a high level of pollutants, caused by poorly sized systems and lack of operation, creating environmental problems when discharged into water bodies, in view of the amount of organic matter and suspended solids. The effluents are formed by whey, milk sludge and sewage (processing, cleaning and sanitary). They have high concentration of nutrients, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), as well as inorganic content. In this context, this study aims to present a technology that is economically and technically feasible for a dairy industry in the municipality of Boa Esperança (MG), seeking to mitigate the impacts caused by industrial effluents. A data survey was carried out, through site visits, in order to identify and direct the effluent generated for treatment with greater efficiency, as well as interviews with employees through a questionnaire and analysis of existing projects. Through the analysis of several variables, such as costs, available land area and high efficiency technology, the treatment system proposed in this work consists of preliminary treatment (grating and sandbox, followed by the parshall flume), ascending flow anaerobic reactors (UASB), percolator-type biological filters, drains and drying bed for the sludge generated in the process.