CHEMICAL ECOLOGY OF CASSAVA (Manihot esculenta Crantz) RESISTANCE TO THE WHITEFLY Aleurothrixus aepim

Authors

  • Thyago Fernando Lisboa Ribeiro Universidade Federal de Alagoas
  • Demetrios José Alburquerque Universidade Federal de Alagoas
  • Edson de Souza Universidade Federal de Alagoas
  • Adilson Rodrigues Universidade Federal de Alagoas
  • João Gomes da Silva EMBRAPA
  • Karlos Antonio Lisboa Ribeiro Junior Universidade Federal de Alagoas
  • Eder Jorge de Oliveira EMBRAPA
  • Henrique Fonseca Goulart Universidade Federal de Alagoas
  • Alessandro Riffel EMBRAPA
  • Antônio Euzébio Goulart Santana Universidade Federal de Alagoas

Keywords:

COVs, MANDIOCA, MOSCA-BRANCA, β-OCIMENO.

Abstract

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is one of the major sources of carbohydrates for humans in Latin America and Africa and has also been considered as a potential industrial crop. Brazil is the fourth largest world producer with 20.7 million tons of cassava root per year. Therefore, the crop remains exposed for long periods and allow the attack of different pests. Whitefly is considered one of the main pests of cassava worldwide. This pest causes considerable direct and indirect damage. Many cassava cultivars with different levels of resistance to whiteflies have been described. Breeding programs have been using Ecuador 72 (Ecu72) as source of resistance and resistant hybrids have been produced using Ecu 72 as the female parent. Here, we investigated the defense mechanisms involved in the resistance of the Ecuador 72 to the whitefly. The susceptible cultivar BRS Jari was used as control. The morphology of the leaf surface was observed using scanning electron microscopy. We compared the metabolomic profiles of both cultivars applying 1H-NMR. The Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) were collected, analyzed and identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (CG-MS) and the behavioural assays were conducted using the Y-tube olfactometer. Ecu 72 presented a different leaf surface morphology and higher trichome density. The flavonoids rutin and kaempferol, both flavonoids very often related to plant defense, accumulated in the resistant plants. The VOCs profiles also differed considerably. The volatiles from the resistant genotype showed higher repellence against A. aepim. Ecu 72 released remarkable higher amounts of the terpene β-ocimene. Behavioral assays showed that pure ß-ocimene also repellency to A. aepim, evidencing the role of this compound in the genotype resistance.This study provides an example of intraspecific variation in morphology, metabolite profiles and odor emissions. Our results emerge as a potential component to be applied in whitefly management strategies using chemical ecology.

Published

2019-10-19

How to Cite

Ribeiro, T. F. L., Alburquerque, D. J., Souza, E. de, Rodrigues, A., Silva, J. G. da, Ribeiro Junior, K. A. L., Oliveira, E. J. de, Goulart, H. F., Riffel, A., & Santana, A. E. G. (2019). CHEMICAL ECOLOGY OF CASSAVA (Manihot esculenta Crantz) RESISTANCE TO THE WHITEFLY Aleurothrixus aepim. Caderno Verde De Agroecologia E Desenvolvimento Sustentável, 9(5), b–79. Retrieved from https://gvaa.com.br/revista/index.php/CVADS/article/view/7283

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