Impactos das alterações no padrão de sono sobre a saúde metabólica e cardiovascular
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18378/rebes.v15i1.11194Resumo
O sono desempenha um papel crucial na regulação fisiológica e comportamental do corpo, e sua má qualidade pode afetar significativamente a saúde e a qualidade de vida. Problemas como privação e distúrbios do sono estão associados a várias condições de saúde, incluindo doenças cardiovasculares e metabólicas. Esta pesquisa visa analisar como alterações no padrão de sono, como redução da duração e interrupção do ritmo circadiano, impactam a saúde metabólica e cardiovascular, investigando sua relação com condições como síndrome cardiometabólica e hipertensão e avaliando intervenções não farmacológicas para melhorar a qualidade do sono. Realizou-se uma revisão bibliográfica qualitativa descritiva, com busca sistemática em bases de dados acadêmicas, utilizando termos como “qualidade do sono” e “doenças cardiovasculares”. Foram incluídos artigos originais e gratuitos, publicados em português ou inglês, e excluídos trabalhos incompletos ou repetidos. A pesquisa foi conduzida em setembro de 2024. A duração do sono recomendada varia conforme a faixa etária: 8 a 10 horas para adolescentes, 7 a 9 horas para adultos jovens e de meia-idade, e 7 a 8 horas para idosos. Duração inadequada do sono pode causar problemas de saúde e sociais, sendo importante a distinção entre sono curto, normal e longo. Distúrbios como insônia e apneia do sono são comuns em pessoas com síndrome cardiometabólica e estão ligados a alterações fisiológicas e hormonais. Hábitos de vida pouco saudáveis e padrões irregulares de sono aumentam o risco de doenças cardiometabólicas. Intervenções não farmacológicas, como terapia cognitivo-comportamental e higiene do sono, são eficazes para melhorar a qualidade do sono e prevenir essas condições. Estudos futuros devem investigar a irregularidade do sono e a eficácia de diferentes tratamentos.
Downloads
Referências
ACC. AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY. Cardiometabolic initiatives. 2022 Disponível em: https://www.acc.org/tools-and-practice-support/quality-programs/cardiometabolic-health-alliance. Acesso em: 15 set. 2024.
AMERICAN DIABETES ASSOCIATION. Standards of medical care in diabetes—2011. Diabetes care, v. 34, n. Supplement_1, p. S11-S61, 2011.
AMIHĂESEI, I. C.; MUNGIU, O. C. Main neuroendocrine features and therapy in primary sleep troubles. Revista medico-chirurgicala a Societatii de Medici si Naturalisti din Iasi, v. 116, n. 3, p. 862-866, 2012.
BRASURE, M. et al. Psychological and behavioral interventions for managing insomnia disorder: an evidence report for a clinical practice guideline by the American College of Physicians. Annals of internal medicine, v. 165, n. 2, p. 113-124, 2016.
BROUWER, A. et al. Sleep and HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes: which sleep characteristics matter most?. Diabetes care, v. 43, n. 1, p. 235-243, 2020.
BRUGNERA, A. et al. Psychological covariates of blood pressure among patients with hypertension and metabolic syndrome. Health Psychology, v. 41, n. 12, p. 946, 2022.
CAPPUCCIO, F. P. et al. Quantity and quality of sleep and incidence of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes care, v. 33, n. 2, p. 414-420, 2010.
CAPPUCCIO, F. P. et al. Sleep duration predicts cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. European heart journal, v. 32, n. 12, p. 1484-1492, 2011.
CHAN, W. S.; MCCRAE, C. S.; NG, A. S. Is cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia effective for improving sleep duration in individuals with insomnia? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, v. 57, n. 6, p. 428-441, 2023.
CHATTU, V. K. et al. The global problem of insufficient sleep and its serious public health implications. In: Healthcare. MDPI, p. 1, 2018.
CHROUSOS, G. P.; K., Tomoshige. Glucocorticoid action networks and complex psychiatric and/or somatic disorders. Stress, v. 10, n. 2, p. 213-219, 2007.
CUADROS, J. L. et al. Perceived stress, insomnia and related factors in women around the menopause. Maturitas, v. 72, n. 4, p. 367-372, 2012.
DEJENIE, T. A. et al. Impact of objectively-measured sleep duration on cardiometabolic health: a systematic review of recent evidence. Frontiers in Endocrinology, v. 13, p. 1064969, 2022.
DRAZNIN, B. et al. American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee:. 5. Facilitating Behavior Change and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022. Diabetes Care, v. 45, n. Suppl 1, p. S60-S82, 2022.
FABBRI, M. et al. Measuring subjective sleep quality: a review. International journal of environmental research and public health, v. 18, n. 3, p. 1082, 2021.
FOLEY, D. et al. Sleep disturbances and chronic disease in older adults: results of the 2003 National Sleep Foundation Sleep in America Survey. Journal of psychosomatic research, v. 56, n. 5, p. 497-502, 2004.
GOTTESMAN, R. F. et al. Impact of sleep disorders and disturbed sleep on brain health: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Stroke, v. 55, n. 3, p. e61-e76, 2024.
HIRSHKOWITZ, M. et al. National Sleep Foundation’s sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary. Sleep health, v. 1, n. 1, p. 40-43, 2015.
HOEVENAAR-BLOM, M. P. et al. Sleep duration and sleep quality in relation to 12-year cardiovascular disease incidence: the MORGEN study. Sleep, v. 34, n. 11, p. 1487-1492, 2011.
HOOPES, E. K. et al. Sleep duration regularity, but not sleep duration, is associated with microvascular function in college students. Sleep, v. 44, n. 2, p. zsaa175, 2021.
KENNEDY, A. et al. Abstinence, anticipation, reduction, and treatment (AART): a stepwise approach to the management of atypical antipsychotic side effects. Essential Psychopharmacology, v. 7, n. 1, p. 1-14, 2006.
KUMAR, M. et al. Life’s Essential 8: optimizing health in older adults. JACC: Advances, v. 2, n. 7, p. 100560, 2023.
LAO, X. Q. et al. Sleep quality, sleep duration, and the risk of coronary heart disease: a prospective cohort study with 60,586 adults. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, v. 14, n. 1, p. 109-117, 2018.
MADSEN, M. T. et al. Sleep disturbances in patients with coronary heart disease: a systematic review. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, v. 15, n. 3, p. 489-504, 2019.
MAKAREM, N. et al. Redefining cardiovascular health to include sleep: prospective associations with cardiovascular disease in the MESA sleep study. Journal of the American Heart Association, v. 11, n. 21, p. e025252, 2022.
NIKBAKHTIAN, S. et al. Accelerometer-derived sleep onset timing and cardiovascular disease incidence: a UK Biobank cohort study. European Heart Journal-Digital Health, v. 2, n. 4, p. 658-666, 2021.
PATEL, D.; STEINBERG, J.; PATEL, P. Insomnia in the elderly: a review. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, v. 14, n. 6, p. 1017-1024, 2018.
PHILLIPS, A. J. et al. Irregular sleep/wake patterns are associated with poorer academic performance and delayed circadian and sleep/wake timing. Scientific reports, v. 7, n. 1, p. 3216, 2017.
QASEEM, A. et al. Management of chronic insomnia disorder in adults: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians. Annals of internal medicine, v. 165, n. 2, p. 125-133, 2016.
QI, X. et al. Social isolation, sleep disturbance, and cognitive functioning (HRS): a longitudinal mediation study. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, v. 78, n. 10, p. 1826-1833, 2023.
RODRIGUES, G. D. et al. Obesity and sleep disturbances: The “chicken or the egg” question. European Journal of Internal Medicine, v. 92, p. 11-16, 2021.
ROMERO-CABRERA, J. L. et al. Chronodisruption and diet associated with increased cardiometabolic risk in coronary heart disease patients: the CORDIOPREV study. Translational Research, v. 242, p. 79-92, 2022.
SATEIA, M. J. et al. Clinical practice guideline for the pharmacologic treatment of chronic insomnia in adults: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine clinical practice guideline. Journal of clinical sleep medicine, v. 13, n. 2, p. 307-349, 2017.
SATTAR, N.; GILL, J. M.; ALAZAWI, W. Improving prevention strategies for cardiometabolic disease. Nature Medicine, v. 26, n. 3, p. 320-325, 2020.
SONDRUP, N. et al. Effects of sleep manipulation on markers of insulin sensitivity: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sleep medicine reviews, v. 62, p. 101594, 2022.
SYAUQY, A. et al. Association of sleep duration and insomnia symptoms with components of metabolic syndrome and inflammation in middle-aged and older adults with metabolic syndrome in Taiwan. Nutrients, v. 11, n. 8, p. 1848, 2019.
TAYLOR, D. J. et al. Comorbidity of chronic insomnia with medical problems. Sleep, v. 30, n. 2, p. 213-218, 2007.
TAYLOR, D. J. et al. Epidemiology of insomnia, depression, and anxiety. Sleep, v. 28, n. 11, p. 1457-1464, 2005.
TOBALDINI, E. et al. Sleep, sleep deprivation, autonomic nervous system and cardiovascular diseases. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, v. 74, p. 321-329, 2017.
TUFIK, S. et al. Paradoxical sleep deprivation: neurochemical, hormonal and behavioral alterations. Evidence from 30 years of research. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, v. 81, p. 521-538, 2009.
WHO. WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION. Cardiovascular diseases: key facts 2021. Disponível em: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds). Acesso em: 15 set. 2024.
ZURAIKAT, F. M. et al. Sleep Regularity and 311 Cardiometabolic Heath: Is Variability in Sleep Patterns a Risk Factor for Excess Adiposity and Glycemic 312 Dysregulation. Curr Diab Rep, 2020.
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2025 Adjane Pereira Jacó, Adriana Pereira Jacó
Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Termo de cess
1.png)
milenanunes@fiponline.edu.br 
+55 83 988784633 (Milena Sousa)