Management of pregnant women with HIV/AIDS: follow-up and outcomes

Abstract

HIV/AIDS is a global epidemic that affects millions of people around the world. Pregnant women with HIV/AIDS represent a particularly vulnerable group, given the possibility of vertical transmission of the virus to the fetus. Proper management of these pregnant women is crucial to ensure the health of both mother and baby. In this context, this literature review aims to understand current management practices for pregnant women with HIV/AIDS, focusing on the medical care offered and the outcomes associated with different treatment approaches. A systematic literature review was carried out in recognized databases, selecting articles published in the last ten years. The inclusion criteria were studies that addressed the clinical management of pregnant women with HIV/AIDS, strategies to prevent vertical transmission and maternal and neonatal outcomes. Most of the studies reviewed emphasized the importance of early antiretroviral treatment (ART) and regular follow-up during pregnancy. ART not only significantly reduced vertical transmission of HIV, but also improved health outcomes for mothers. In addition, multidisciplinary follow-up, involving obstetricians, infectious disease specialists and psychologists, proved beneficial for the general well-being of pregnant women. Proper management of pregnant women with HIV/AIDS is essential to guarantee positive outcomes for mother and baby. Antiretroviral treatment and multidisciplinary follow-up are key components for the success of this approach.