Efeitos da vitamina D no diabetes mellitus gestacional

Abstract

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is related to the onset of glucose intolerance due to endocrine gland dysfunction, with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. Clinical studies have shown that vitamin D supplementation appears to improve pregnancy outcomes in patients with GDM, resulting in a decrease in fasting plasma glucose and serum insulin concentrations. Therefore, it is appropriate to systematically review the literature on the effects of vitamin D in GDM, with the aim of supporting intervention strategies for health professionals and guiding further studies on this topic. This is a systematic review carried out in the databases/research portals: Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Scientific Electronic Library and Virtual Health Library. The priority of the searches was for studies with humans, randomized clinical trials, prospective and retrospective cohort studies, case-control and cross-sectional studies, all of which were made available in full. We also chose to use a time frame of studies published in the last 5 years, with no restrictions on the language of publication. This review analyzed 6 articles that, after analysis, allowed us to conclude that there is no robust evidence indicating that vitamin D supplementation improves the glycemic status of GDM. Therefore, further studies are needed to determine the efficacy and safety of vitamin D supplementation in women with GDM. Therefore, it is recommended that vitamin D supplementation in pregnant women with GDM be further investigated.