Desafios enfrentados pelos pais e cuidadores de pessoas diagnosticadas com Espectro da Esquizofrenia

Abstract

Among the main signs and symptoms in the spectrum of schizophrenia, we can highlight: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, grossly disorganized or abnormal motor behavior and negative symptoms. This study aims to present the main challenges faced by parents/caregivers of people with schizophrenia spectrum. This is an integrative literature review, with a qualitative approach, of a descriptive and exploratory nature, carried out in March 2022, carried out in the MEDLINE, LILACS and BDENF databases, via the VHL. The descriptors used were: “parents”, “caregivers” and “schizophrenia”, crossed with each other by the Boolean operator AND. The following were included: primary studies, complete and free articles, between 2016 and 2021, in English, Portuguese and Spanish. Incomplete readings, duplicates, review studies, articles not peer-reviewed, as well as studies that deviated from the theme and objective of this research were eliminated. Initially, 75 articles were found. After the eligibility criteria, 57 were excluded, leaving 18 articles, which after a complete reading, seven composed the final review. Initially, parents and caregivers find it difficult to accept the diagnosis of schizophrenia. Then, the main challenges observed were changes in family dynamics, difficulty in controlling medication, financial difficulties, anxious and depressive symptoms, feelings of guilt, anger, stress, among others. In this sense, caring for a person with schizophrenia spectrum causes physical, emotional and social changes. In this sense, the performance of CAPS is essential, which are mental health devices with free access to the community that provide support to individuals with mental disorders in addition to their families.