he spikes protocol in the communication of bad news in health: integrative review

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18378/rebes.v14i1.10218

Keywords:

Health communication, Truth disclosure, Empathy, Medical education, Bioethics

Abstract

Introduction: The health communication competence required for care is associated with better results and higher patient satisfaction rates, especially when professionals provide bad news, which negatively alters the patient's view of their future. The SPIKES protocol, carried out in a six-step, is a didactic approach related to cancer, but it has been used in several clinical scenarios, as in chronic-degenerative diseases and infertility, highlighting the patient's right not to know. Educational interventions seem effective in teaching learners how to deal with this competence. Objective: To identify the role of the SPIKES protocol in the communication of bad news in health. Methodology: Bibliographic search of articles in English or Portuguese conducted in August 2023 in the electronic databases of the health literature (MEDLINE and LILACS via BIREME, PUBMED, SciELO and SCOPUS), using the terms "communication in health", AND "breaking bad News" AND "SPIKES protocol", without limitation for the year of publication. Results: From 175 articles initially identified, 39 were selected, excluding those that did not attend the research, remaining 19 that supported the present review. The SPIKES protocol is valuable platform in diagnostic or prognostic development, whose communication models centered on patient preferences can result in improved treatment outcomes. Conclusion: Communicating bad news is a difficult task for healthcare professionals, for which medical education often offers little preparation, as communication skills are not an essential part of curricula. The SPIKES protocol provides clear and understandable message according to the needs and desires of patients.

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Author Biographies

José Marcos Girardi, Faculdade Moinhos de Vento, Rio Grande do Sul

Doutorado em Saúde pela Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG. Mestrado em Medicina na área de concentração em Cardiologia UERJ. Especialista em Cardiologia pela Residência Médica Hospital dos Servidores do Estado do RJ, Instituto de pós-graduação médica do RJ, Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia e Associação Médica Brasileira. Atuou no Serviço de Cardiologia do Hospital Universitário-Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora e Serviço de Hipertensão, Diabetes e Obesidade DCE/PAM Marechal, Juiz de Fora – MG; Professor do programa de Pós-Graduação Sabin Ensino e Pesquisa, Juiz de Fora; Sabincor - Juiz de Fora-MG; Especialização em Preceptoria multiprofissional na área de saúde pela Faculdade Moinhos de Vento/PROADI-SUS/Ministério da Saúde

Beatriz Amélia Monteiro de Andrade, Faculdade Moinhos de Vento, Rio Grande do Sul

Mestrado em Ginecologia e Obstetrícia pela Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais

 

Flavio Rogerio de Carvalho Leao , Faculdade Moinhos de Vento, Rio Grande do Sul

Especialização em Preceptoria Multiprofissional na Área de Saúde, Faculdades Moinhos de Vento, PROADI/SUS/Ministério da Saúde

Mairla Machado Protazio , Faculdade Moinhos de Vento, Rio Grande do Sul

Especialização em Preceptoria Multiprofissional na Área de Saúde, Faculdades Moinhos de Vento, PROADI/SUS/Ministério da Saúde

Márcia Pedrosa de Oliveira, Faculdade Moinhos de Vento, Rio Grande do Sul

Especialização em Preceptoria Multiprofissional na Área de Saúde, Faculdades Moinhos de Vento, PROADI/SUS/Ministério da Saúde

Cristianne Soares Chaves , Faculdade Moinhos de Vento, Rio Grande do Sul

Doutorado em Saúde Pública, Universidade de Ciências Empresariais, UCES, Argentina

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Published

2024-02-09

How to Cite

Girardi, J. M., Andrade, B. A. M. de, Leao , F. R. de C., Protazio , M. M., Oliveira, M. P. de, & Chaves , C. S. (2024). he spikes protocol in the communication of bad news in health: integrative review. Revista Brasileira De Educação E Saúde, 14(1), 142–150. https://doi.org/10.18378/rebes.v14i1.10218

Issue

Vol. 14 No. 1 (2024)

Section

ARTICLES

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Copyright (c) 2024 José Marcos Girardi, Beatriz Amélia Monteiro de Andrade, Flavio Rogerio de Carvalho Leao , Mairla Machado Protazio , Márcia Pedrosa de Oliveira, Cristianne Soares Chaves

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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