Ética no uso da inteligência artificial para o diagnóstico e tratamento médico

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a scientific field focused on developing computers and machines capable of simulating human reasoning independently and intelligently, allowing them to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence and presence in the healthcare sector. AI is thus regarded as a beneficial tool for faster and more accurate diagnoses in medicine; however, its use must be weighed against ethical considerations. This study aimed to analyze the scientific literature on the ethics of using artificial intelligence for medical diagnostics. A bibliometric study was conducted by screening and selecting studies published in the Scopus database. The data were analyzed according to thematic area, author relevance, countries with the highest publication rates, most cited articles, publication periods, and thematic relevance—also considering the three main bibliometric laws. The findings reveal that AI has transformed the healthcare sector, driving advances in diagnosis, treatment, and research. Nonetheless, the ethical use of AI in this field is a growing concern, particularly regarding the collection and use of sensitive data from doctors and patients. Transparency, effectiveness, and security are crucial considerations. Ethical challenges remain significant in addressing AI, especially in terms of cybersecurity and safeguarding medical data from cyber threats. Legal responsibility is also essential for determining accountability in cases of errors or incorrect decisions. Ethics requires a continuous commitment from all stakeholders to ensure data security and privacy.