Tratamento não medicamentoso do diabetes mellitus tipo 2 na atenção primária à saúde

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is characterized by a metabolic disorder with persistent hyperglycemia. Among the types, the two is the most common and is an acquired clinical condition treated with a combination of pharmacological approaches and lifestyle changes. Because it is considered a global public health problem, as it affects a large part of the population, overloading and burdening public health systems, adequate management of the disease at the Primary Health Care level reduces the rates of hospitalizations and deaths resulting from complications. Thus, this study aims to identify the forms of non-pharmacological therapeutic management directed at patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus performed by the multidisciplinary team working in Primary Health Care and how they can influence positive outcomes for this pathology. An integrative literature review was carried out through a retrospective search with a five-year time frame, from 2019 to 2024, and of publications in Portuguese, carried out in the electronic databases: Virtual Health Library, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences, and Scientific Electronic Library Online. Twenty studies with different methodologies and years of publication were extracted, which allowed us to verify that actions that include defining the profile of patients, reception, health education, guidance on self-care and lifestyle changes, guidance on treatment, monitoring and monitoring of glycemic control, guidance for family members, attention to the psychosocial dimensions involving the disease, and formation of support groups favor a positive outcome for type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.